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THOS. CHAMPION, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ANNULAB sTEAivr-roILER.

e Specification of Letters Patent No. 7,935, dated February 18, 1851.

To all whom/1i may concern: i

`Be it known that i I, THOMAS CHAMPION.

of the city and county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have inventeda new and Improved Mode of Constructing Steam- Boilers; and I do hereby declarethefollowing to be a full and cleardescription thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making partyof this specification, in

which-- Figure l represents a vertical longitudinal section `of the boiler. Fig.` 2 is'a verticall transverse section on the line of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an elevation or perspective view. Fig. 4 is a top view of one of the horizontal cylinders showing the openings and flange or collar connection. Fig. 5 is* apvertical elevation of the saine.A Fig. 6 is a `vertical longitudinal *section through the center, showing the arrangement and connect-ion of vertical and horizontal concentric cylinders, the vertical cylinders being at the furnace end of the boiler. Fig. *7 is a view cfa i metallic ring for closing the extremities `of the water spaces. Fig 8 is a section of ditto, showing the connection-of two of the cylinders therewith. e i i The saine letters marked figures indicate the sameipar'ts.` A

The nature of one of my inventions and improvements consists in closing theannular water spaces of my concentric boiler by means of metallic tapered rings, by which the ends of the cylinders, of uniform length,

can be closed even and fair atnboth ends so' as to stand the lire and leave only the re-` quired space for fire and so that the constructor can get the rivets in on `one side and at the same time have room for riveting them on the otherside.

Another of my inventions and improvements consists in connecting the lower parts of the annular water spaces each to each firmly, the upper and inner, to the lower and outer one answering the fourfold purpose of bracing the boiler below, or, if needed, at the sides, giving free ebulition, further assisting evaporation, and giving an opportunity for the dirt to settle in the blow pipe where it may be blown out.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the manner of arranging the several parts, and of connecting them together.

I construct my boilers of the ordinary H lars (lc me) are fitted and riveted.

`on the above materials, and commence by forming a number of cylinders of boiler iron, or copper, open at both ends, and of the several diameters proportioned to the relative size of the several fire and water spaces determined upon. On the upper side of each cylinder, elongated or elliptical openings (as shown in Fig. 4) are madeand collars (solid, or sheets flanged) are adapted to said openings of the proper forni and `size for connecting two successivelcylinders together. The flanges or collars are made in theordinary `manner described below. `On the underside of each cylinder smaller openings F, are made to which the flanges of connecting tubes or `col- Inputting together the several `parts I commencewith the cylinder (b b) Figs. l,

and 2, and place around it the cylinder c, 0; then between theopenings and upper side of these cylinders I place the flanges 'or col-` lars '(t z)`;and in'like manner on the lower side of the cylinder (b) the flanges (7c lo) then insert the cylinder (aka) andinclose the water space at both ends between (a a) and (lr6) by tapered rings B. `The cylinder e (e e) is then placed around the cylinder 1 d) andthe two are connected together as above mentioned by.V flanged collars then in'close the waterspace at both ends between (0 c)and (d fcl) by means of rings I13, and so in like manner the cylinder (f f) and the cylinder (g g). When all the pairs yof cylinders have been thus connected, coinpleting the inclosure of these` spaces, the alternate fire or hot air spaces being left `open for the access of ire at one end, and 1for its escape into the `flue at the other.

The outer annularwater space communi- `cates above with semi-cylindrical` steam chambers, (extending nearly the full length i of the' boiler as represented in Figs. l, 3, and `6) `by means of openings through the top of the outer cylinder surrounded by flanged collars, secured to the cylinders by rivets, or other means.

\ Having completed the description ofFigs. l and 2 and the longitudinal part of Fig. 6, I will nowlproceed to describe the vertical part of Fig. 6.

Beginning, as in the horizontal longitudi-` nal arrangement, by forming any number of cylinders desired. Commencing with the center one (2' z') and placing around it a cyliiider (j j) with the holes cut out of both sheets l(i and forming flues (e) for the yescape of heat into the horizontal portion of the boiler.

In like manner all .the other cylinders are connected, first riveting around the fire escape openings, then the alternate upper lire end, and lower water chamber till all the inner short cylinders arey completed. Then place the two outer vertical cylinders p p and (1" 1^) together without the dome (t) being connected. Then rivet the large ring or flange (u) in the opening for the escape of fire or heated air into the horizontal longitudinal spaces. Then the vertical and horizontal cylinders may be connected; after which the dome (t) may be riveted on even with the top of the flange of the cylinder This construction dispenses with the use of the top furnace sheet and removes the danger of collapse of said top furnace sheet which often happens in the use of the ordinary boiler.

The lo-ngitudinal section of the boiler is connected to the vertical section by rivets, or bolts, or both, passed through a flange on the longitudinal section.

V, is a small pipe placed directly beneath the longitudinal section, for uniting the same with the vertical section, and thus connecting the water chambers in the two.

The lower end of the water'spaces, of the vertical cylinderl are closed by tapered metallic rings, such as are shown at B, in Figs. 7 and 8, being bolted or riveted to the same. The top ends of the alternate fire spaces are closed by Hanging the sheets together as shown in Fig. `6. y

This construction of boiler is well adapted for steam vessels where great quantities of steam are required in circumscribed spacesexposing at least three times the heating surface in a given size of boiler-and greatly lessening the quantity of fuel required to generate a given amount of steam.

Among the advantages arising from the before described construction are the following: 1st. In the old form of concentric cylinder boilers the cylinders have to be made of different lengths in order to insert the bolts or rivets and consequently are uneven. But by the employment of the beveled rings the boiler.

for uniting the ends of the cylinders to Vform the concentric water chambers in the manner that I employ them, the ends of the cylinders may all be inthe same horizontal or vertical plane and room given for the introductionl of the rivets and for the use of the hammer-button set and battering ram or hold fast usedby the workman in securing the rivets, as the applying of these tools at right angles to the sloped sides of the rings enables the workman to apply the necessary blows to the head of the button-set without striking the adjacent cylinders. 2nd. The rings around the openings through which the water and steam circulate add strength to the boiler and the lower openings allow of free ebulition and permit the dirt to settle down into the blow pipe, and the upper or elliptical openings facilitate evaporation. 3rd. The semi-circular steam chamber allows of a free evaporation, and adds strength to 4th. The combination of the vertical and horizontal cylinders produces a greater amount of heating surface to the action of the re.

Having thus described the nature of my invention and improvement in the construction of steam boilers what I claim as new and of my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is l l. The employment of the tapered rings B, for closing the ends of any of the water spaces of the concentric boilers in the manner set forth.

2. I also claim connecting the lower parts of the annular water spaces, each to each from the upper and inner to the lower and outer one substantially as described, by metallic rings or collarsthus giving free ebulition, assistin gevaporation, and allowing the dirt to settle down into the blow pipe, from whence it may be blown outthe aforesaid rings or collars bracing the boiler as well as forming the connection between the cylinders.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name before two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS CHAMPION. Vitnesses WM. l?. ELLIOT, T. L. SMITH. 

